Weather is the state of the atmosphere, whether it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena  occuring / occur / occurred in the lowest level of the atmosphere. Weather is not the same as climate. The former refers to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer period / periodic / periods of time. This text very briefly introduces some general information about hot and cold weather.

Hot Weather

This temperature categorical / category / categorise is pretty self-explanatory, its HOT. Hot weather generally refers to a period of unusually high temperatures. A scorcher is an extremely hot day and a heatwave is a period of extreme high weather sustained over a period of days. In the tropics a useful word to describe the oppressively hot and humid conditions is sultriness.

A look at weather fatality statistics reveals excessive heat is the leading weather related killer in the United States and probably elsewhere. This is especially true in the urban centers, where population density, the urban heat island, and building construction / constructed / construct exacerbate the effects of excessive heat.  High temperatures kill lots of people every year but heat-related deaths and illness are preventable. Thus, it is important to understand heat-related illness and how to stay cool and safe in hot weather.

The main risks posed by a heatwave are: dehydration (not having enough water) and heat-induced illnesses such as heat stress, heat exhaustion or the more serious heat stroke. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids. Water is a good choice! Avoid dehydrating liquids like Alcohol, coffee, tea and caffeinated soft drinks which can hurt more than help. If you are outside in the sunshine, wear protective clothing.

 

Cold Weather

Cold is the presence of low temperature, especially in the atmosphere. In common usage, cold is often a subjective perception. A freeze occurs when the temperature drops below 0°C.

Cold weather can affect plants, including agricultural crops. Freezes and their effects are highly significant / significantly / insignificant during the growing season. In late spring or early autumn, cold air outbreaks can damage or kill agricultural produce, as well as plants and flowers in residential gardens.

Cold weather can also be dangerous. Cold weather-related injuries / injury / injured include: injuries due to decreased temperature (hypothermia, frostbite, nonfreezing cold injury); injuries due to heaters, including carbon monoxide poisoning; and accidents due to slippery ice. The way to avoid frostbite and hypothermia is to plan for extreme cold before it arrives. Don’t get caught unprepared. Check the forecast on TV or a reliable weather app. Make checking the forecast part of your regular routine so you will know when to expect cold weather If you have to go outside in the cold, layered / layer / layers are the best choice for staying warm. This is because not only do the winter clothes act as insulation, but the air between the layers also insulates.

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